Classification Essay: Three Types of Friends :: Classification Essay

 â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â      In life we run over numerous individuals. Some will loathe us while others will worship us. The ones who abhor us can be alluded to as adversaries and the ones who give us veneration are alluded to as companions. There are three kinds of companions. They are the aquaintinces we make in school, the companions we free as one develops, and closest companions who may wander, however never excessively far away.      First of all, there are those companions that are just found in school. Seeing them on the road resembles they are not even there. One may have known them all through their entire school vocation, however have never conversed with them outside of school. These school aqquaintinces are pleasant individuals to converse with , yet there is never a push to do anything over that. These companions are acceptable in light of the fact that there are never any odds to take with them. One just converses with them and afterward they go on their happy way. These school aqquaintinces are the peopl who are conversed with about various hoobies and class contemplates. Not ones individual life. School aquaitnices are the individuals that one won't see just because until the schools multi year get-together.      Second, there are previous companions. These are the ones taht experienced childhood in ones neighborhood and moved away. These are the companions who will bring back recollections that individuals thoght were overlooked. One may be embarassed from the start about observing their previous companion, however when discussion starts all the embarassement will be a relic of times gone by. Previous companions are the ones that little privileged insights about meaqningless thoughts were advised to as a youngster, or the individual who spent countlerss evenings at ones house resting over. These are the individuals that knew ones guardians quite well, nearly just as the companion was known. Tehen out of nowhere out of the blue this previous companion is never spoken again to for a considerable length of time. Previous companions give a feeling of oldness to an individual. In the long run they are a great idea to have and to converse with.      Finally, there are closest companions who are the individuals that have been known for their entire lives or even only a couple of years. These companions in any case male or female can converse with a companion about anything at the forefront of their thoughts. Numerous encounters have occured between two closest companions or even a gathering of closest companions. These sorts of companions share a typical bnd that will keep going forever. Close insider facts and uncommon favors are for the most part characteristics wherein closest companions can depend on one another for. Arrangement Essay: Three Types of Friends :: Classification Essay  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â      In life we run over numerous individuals. Some will despise us while others will revere us. The ones who despise us can be alluded to as foes and the ones who give us veneration are alluded to as companions. There are three sorts of companions. They are the aquaintinces we make in school, the companions we free as one develops, and closest companions who may wander, yet never excessively far away.      First of all, there are those companions that are just found in school. Seeing them on the road resembles they are not even there. One may have known them all through their entire school profession, however have never conversed with them outside of school. These school aqquaintinces are decent individuals to converse with , however there is never a push to do anything over that. These companions are acceptable on the grounds that there are never any odds to take with them. One just converses with them and afterward they go on their cheerful way. These school aqquaintinces are the peopl who are conversed with about various hoobies and class examines. Not ones individual life. School aquaitnices are the individuals that one won't see just because until the schools multi year gathering.      Second, there are previous companions. These are the ones taht experienced childhood in ones neighborhood and moved away. These are the companions who will bring back recollections that individuals thoght were overlooked. One may be embarassed from the start about observing their previous companion, however when discussion starts all the embarassement will be a relic of days gone by. Previous companions are the ones that little privileged insights about meaqningless thoughts were advised to as a kid, or the individual who spent countlerss evenings at ones house dozing over. These are the individuals that knew ones guardians quite well, nearly just as the companion was known. Tehen out of nowhere out of the blue this previous companion is never spoken again to for a considerable length of time. Previous companions give a feeling of oldness to an individual. In the long run they are a great idea to have and to converse with.      Finally, there are closest companions who are the individuals that have been known for their entire lives or even only a couple of years. These companions in any case male or female can converse with a companion about anything at the forefront of their thoughts. Numerous encounters have occured between two closest companions or even a gathering of closest companions. These sorts of companions share a typical bnd that will keep going forever. Private privileged insights and uncommon favors are on the whole characteristics where closest companions can depend on one another for.

Fashion in the Elizabethan and Jacobean era

Design in the Elizabethan and Jacobean time Similitudes and contrasts among Elizabethan and Jacobean Era style. The Elizabethan and Jacobean Era design had a ton of likenesses alongside numerous distinctions. The two of them had a one of a kind method of design whereby style to them brought incredible and better compose and legitimate establishment. The Elizabeth period were more into the angular shape attire whereby the garments were more to fit the shape and body structure. While during the Jacobean period a greater amount of the â€Å"U† formed attire was worn. The Jacobean Era came up to be so allured by ruffs, where garments produced using sparkly, smooth silk glossy silks and play of light on these fine textures. Be that as it may, the French or wheel farthingale from the Elizabethan Era had be supplanted with a milder method of kilting the outfit skirts. The open coat and outfit molded like the letter â€Å"U† were presently being worn over the mid-region. The two of them then again, utilized apparel as an approach to recognize and set norms, differential their time and co nstruct a general public of progressively acculturated and incredible force. The Elizabethan Era was into being very exquisite and tasteful .It was simply one more design cognizant time, in which the best approach to show their character and uniqueness was through their method of style and design. They were progressively known on design thoughts and the manner in which individuals got self-articulation through it. In the start of the Elizabethan Era, ladies dressed easygoing and formal and The Elizabethan Era just alludes to a period, which was under the rule of Queen Elizabeth. The Elizabethan Era is otherwise called the Golden Age ever. This was the point at which one saw the extraordinary new development of English writing. It was likewise a concise period, which saw some measure of inside harmony between the English Reformation and the conflicts between different networks. Attire in the Elizabethan Era additionally observed an impact of geometric shapes. They required some serious energy and exertion in appearing of the characteristic shape and structure of their individual bodies. They finished their body with fine materials that was very extraordinary in sum, size and quality. They did this so to see an impression of a little abdomen. Furthermore, this was appeared in ladies as well as men too, where they likewise needed truly slim body so to show their manliness. One would likewise need to take note of that the Elizabethan Era was one such period, which saw an appropriate division of class. With it, design was an approach to recognize incredible class and status. The Sumptuary Laws were passed that expressed the sort of dress one would need to wear. Design additionally observed numerous progressions and in the start of the Elizabethan Era, one can see that the Elizabethan garments was styled to cover all aspects of a womans body. Elizabethan attire was likewise described by the sort of class one had a place with. Individuals who had a place with the lower layers of society wore apparel produced using materials like fleece, sheepskin and even cloth. Individuals who had a place with this classification were not permitted to wear materials in silk or even have velvet trimmings. Mens dress in the Elizabethan Era additionally saw many changes. Men wore ‘jerkins which were shirts with catches down in the front. Men who had a place with the high society additionally wore fine silk caps with a solitary quill. Shoes were constantly made of fine quality calfskin. Long, streaming shrouds and tall caps were additionally added to the sort of attire worn in the Elizabethan Era. These laws were passed by Queen Elizabeth and were otherwise called Statutes of Apparel. It was fundamentally done to obviously divide the social structure existing in the Elizabethan Era. The Queen herself and just her relations were permitted to wear attire that pre-owned gold or gold tissue as a frivolity. In the Jacobean Era, as the ruff developed in size and ornamentation, the remainder of the apparel turned out to be increasingly straightforward and exquisite yet if one somehow managed to look cautiously, one will see attire produced using glossy, smooth silk glossy silks and painters who delighted in the play of light on these fine textures. The wrap of these wonderful materials was stressed by the game plan of the texture over the hips. Another style exists about a similar time. Open-front coats or outfits uncover brilliantly shaded brocade stomachers molded in a low U over the midsection. The style is best depicted in Rubens Portrait of himself, where his first spouse, Isabella Brant. The majority of the representations of ladies drawn of the Jacobean Era, they included ladies wearing the elaborate stomachers, whish are normally in just piece of shading in an outfit of the remainder of which is incredibly dark. This stomachers is by all accounts the Dutchwomans outlet for panache. The bodice is still very organized, shifting from an amazingly low necking to a high neckline, yet the outfit skirts or underskirts have gotten milder and no longer have all the earmarks of being worn with a farthingale. The lavish embellishment of the Elizabethan time frame likewise is by all accounts dying down. It is being supplanted by the luxurious silks and insignificant trim that so unmistakably mark the Stuart designs to come The Fashion in the Elizabethan Era and Jacobean Era both offered route to another period o design and garments. They drew out a portion of the thoughts in which are as yet present in todays dressing. It is very clear that they fixated on design and numerous different things, however with it they carried incredible changes to the world overall. The progressions and impact they had and still have on the world is very colossal. The entryways they open for us and the eyes they enlarged are those that let every one of us to construct our own specific manner and better approach for STYLE.

7th Grade Essay Topic - A Powerful Tool For Writing Successful Essays

7th Grade Essay Topic - A Powerful Tool For Writing Successful EssaysThe most important element of a persuasive essay is the topic. It is the main focus of an essay, and it is the central feature in a persuasive strategy. It is your task to make sure that your topic is one that will provide you with the raw material you need to create a very convincing argument. To this end, here are some tips for effective topic selection for your fifth-grade English essay.First of all, take some time to learn about the subject of your topic. If it is a literary work, try to find out if it is an author you've always wanted to read. Some of the best authors in history have been long forgotten, and you can draw inspiration from their works if you wish to pursue a literary topic. You should also take some time to familiarize yourself with the work itself so that you will be able to explore its more meaningful aspects.Next, you will want to get some ideas on how to write an interesting topic. Although w riting isn't an exact science, there are some guidelines that you should keep in mind. Keep in mind that as you are writing, you should be thinking about the audience who is reading your essay, not just yourself.The key to writing a persuasive essay is asking the most important questions that a reader will want to know the answers to. This is a great way to establish how confident you are as a writer, and it will also put you in a good position when it comes to demonstrating your skill as a speaker. Try to come up with your own questions that you would ask yourself, especially if you are writing an essay for a test. This can be very helpful, because you will be able to force yourself to come up with some other questions that you would really like to know the answers to.Finally, you need to keep in mind that youwill need to pace yourself when it comes to formatting your paper. You will want to make sure that you are not too busy, but that you are still able to accomplish your assigne d tasks. Too much time between pages can spoil your readers' attention spans, and you don't want to lose any points by being late on a page.With these tips in mind, you should be able to master the art of crafting a persuasive essay. Of course, there is no perfect writing guide that will teach you all the tricks to writing a persuasive essay; however, you should be able to make use of a few tried and true techniques. Just remember that you are writing to a class, not a student; therefore, you will need to be more organized and structured than you would normally be.Although writing a persuasive essay is a challenge, if you make an effort to be organized and focused, you should be able to finish in record time. In fact, if you follow these tips, you will be writing a persuasive essay in record time!

Literature Review Of Vast Rectenna - 1028 Words

7 CHAPTER 2 AMBIENT RF ENERGY HARVESTING COMPONENTS AND LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 RECTENNA ITS COMPONENT A rectenna is a rectifying antenna, a sort of antenna that is used to convert microwave energy or radio frequency energy into direct current signal that can power low sensor devices. They are modelled as a part of wireless power transmission systems that transmit power through radio waves or electromagnetic waves. A basic rectenna, comprises of a microstrip patch antenna with a RF diode. It is nonlinear rectifying element (for example Schottky diode, Zener diode, IMPATT diode.... etc.). The diode rectifies the alternating current or bidirectional current induced in the patch antenna by the RF waves, to generate DC or unidirectional†¦show more content†¦2.1.2 RECTIFIER A rectifier is an electrical device that converts bi-directional current or alternating current (AC), to unidirectional current or direct current (DC). This process is called rectification. Rectifiers have many uses including high-voltage direct current power transmission systems, in DC power supplies and in detection of radio signals. There are two types of rectifier, the half wave rectifier and the full wave rectifier. In our case, given the need of matching as the less number of components, half wave rectifier has been used. 2.1.2.1 Half Wave Rectifier The half wave rectifier rectifies only half cycle of the AC input waveform. The half wave rectifier consists of a step down transformer, a diode connected to the transformer and a load resistance connected to the cathode side of the diode. 2.1.2.2 Full Wave Rectifier The circuit of full wave rectifier uses two rectifier elements and the transformer with secondary center tapped. One for the positive half cycle and other for the negative half cycle. The output DC in full wave rectifier is twice that of half wave rectifier and the frequency is twice that of the supply frequency. 2.1.3 IMPEDANCE MATCHING Impedance matching is one of the most eminent part of the RF circuits. It is utilized for the purpose of transferring maximum

Personal Narrative- Destruction of Nature Essay examples

Personal Narrative- Destruction of Nature If you ever get a chance to visit Chaco Canyon National Monument in New Mexico, you should take the time to just stand in the desert and listen. The silence in this place is physical; you can feel it surround you. This is a silence with depth and layers that are unbroken even by the wind, which moves through emptiness and speaks only in occasional sighs through the canyons. The air itself is very clear—the lack of humidity gives the cliffs and buttes sharp lines, and the colors of the earth, though muted, stand in stark relief to the blueness of the sky. Night comes gradually to this place. The height and dryness of the air allows the stars to appear before the sun has set—creating an odd†¦show more content†¦These are issues that I often ponder. I realize this consciousness is atypical of many of my compatriots. However, the roots of my compulsive musings are not wholly random because I was subjected to much similar thinking from an early age. Having grown up in a region where civilization and development were slow in coming, and where trees outnumber cornstalks and coal mines corn silos, we had ample opportunity to reflect on man’s relationship to nature. My parents are two well-educated, biologically trained individuals with an almost obsessive need to be outdoors. They met, so the story goes, in a graduate school class when my mother asked my father for his pocketknife to scrape moss from a tree trunk. It was love amongst the bryophytes. They spent several years trekking all over the U.S. on vacations to national forests and monuments and deserts and mountains, and my arrival on the scene did not cease their wanderings. Though I did restrict the locale. There are numerous pictures of one of my parents standing on some wooded ridge with the peak of my red hat sticking up over their shoulder. Once I was old enough to scramble along the trails by my own power, my father began taking me to work with him. In those days, he was a state biologist, and by the time I started kindergarten, I had been all over the state hiking, trapping, caving, camping, and generally running as a feral child. School was a change in routine, though on nice days, either one or bothShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Wind Rises And Showa 1660 Words   |  7 Pagesthe war. However they are far from the â€Å"heroic narratives† that gained favor right after the war. (gluck 49). While the content of heroic narratives differ nation to nation, they all evoke the same sense of â€Å"national unity by effacing experiential difference, creating whole nations of partisans, resistant’s, anti-facists – and above all victims (gluck 50). Showa and The Wind Rises escape the constraint of heroic narratives, by interjecting personal memory into vernacular and public memory. The worksRead More The Rings of Saturn by W.G. Sebald1335 Words   |  5 PagesW.G. 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Boss Review Mike Royko free essay sample

Mike Royko captured the life of a truly amazing man, Mayor Richard Daily. Royko in the book, Boss, follows an diffident beginnings on the South Side of Chicago in the Bridgeport neighborhood to Daley’s rise as a powerful politician. Being born in 1902 and rasied by Michael and Lillian Daley. Difficult by humble house which some accredited later to Richards difficulty in communicating. Daley did not have siblings to communicate with early in life. Even after public life he still had a difficult time voicing his opinions. Daley was a shy, introverted child who was not a standout in academics or in sports Sometime in his early years, many schoolmates found leadership and qualities and an intangible charisma that both proved to be crucial later in his career. It was not common not see many children those day to not attend college.. For his high school education, Richards parents sent him to a school run by the Christian Brothers, where he learned office skills and discipline and order. We will write a custom essay sample on Boss Review Mike Royko or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After graduating, he wound up with his first city job. He would stay on the governments payrolls for the next forty-eight years, twenty of those years as Mayor of Chicago. While one would think the title Boss would refer to his mayoral career, it more appropriately was a reference to his long-term control of the powerful Chicago political machine. As head of the machine, he knew everything about everyone in the Democratic Party. He had control of the money and the thousands of patronage jobs that he handed out like candy in return for bringing in the vote. The machine presided over the ward bosses, precinct captains and the voters. The Boss controlled the Machine with a selfish fervor. He made the unusual move of maintaining chairmanship of the Illinois Democratic Party (The Machine) even after he became mayor. He was well aware that the Machine held more power that the position of mayor. At one time, he was considered the most powerful man in Illinois and the second most powerful man in the nation, just behind President John F. Kennedy. The story of Richard J. Daley reveals an undeniable parallel between the man and the city. Daley excelled in the rough politics in the notoriously corrupt Chicago. Would he have been as successful in another city or state? Perhaps not, but Daley was the perfect match for Chicago. He was a man whose less than pure ethics was understood by Chicagoans. Perhaps he wouldnt have been as understood and accepted in another environment. Although he dealt with known corruption, Daley operated within a strange dichotomy, a parallel universe. While he was not known to take a dime, he operated with others who did. As boss, he would just tell them not to get caught. He was a devout Catholic who attended mass every morning yet he allowed the poor to suffer for years in inadequate housing and under brutal police abuse. Richard J. Daley was a rough-tough character, Chicago rough-tough. His grammar and speaking skills did not bring the praise of teachersfar from it. He was hot-tempered, simple, devious and powerful. Many in the country may not have understood him, but Chicagoans did. Daley reflected Chicago. Daley was a product of his neighborhood. He reflected its valuesloyalty to family, neighbors, old buddies, the corner grocer. Good neighbors cut their grass and dont have their TVs too loud. He was a pious manever faithful to his church, mom and apple pie, disturbed by public displays of immorality. But if somebody in City Hall had a chance to make some money on the sly, Daley wasnt into lecturing except perhaps for a simple one: Dont get caught. If Daley sometimes abused his power, it did not offend Chicago. The many immigrants into the city fully understood a man in authority wielding power, a power they had long ago learned to bow to. Not only was Daley not offensive, he became a father figure to many in the city. There was an odd security that he offered. Although Daley has passed away, he has left an indelible legacy for the city that long will survive him. Daley was like Chicagonothing was better than a good, political brawl. The city he loved will remember and embrace that legacy for years to come.

View on Privacy Essay free essay sample

Enemy of the State and Ben Franklin View on Privacy course: Date: Monday November 5, 2012 Privacy Is a core human right, which allows the human to preserve his/her dignity, independence. And freedom, therefore, Is an essential liberty ()_ Benjamin Franklin said in 1 759; They that can give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety, deserve neither liberty nor safety, and is correct to have said this. Enemy of the State demonstrates the validity of the statement by making three different examples of what can happen if one gives up even a small amount of liberty.The movie demonstrates how giving up liberty in exchange of temporary security can affect the life of an Innocent man, how It can lead to corruption, and how it can even backfire on the conformists of this bill. In the long run, there are no winners when it comes to the public giving up their privacy and trust someone to not misuse the power. We will write a custom essay sample on View on Privacy Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In Enemy of the State, Invasion of privacy ruined the lives of innocent people. One of the people affected by this Invasion was Rachel Banks. Ms. Banks is murdered by the National Security Agency () to try and frame Robert Dean, even Hough both are innocent.Another innocent person who has his life destroyed was Daniel , a wildlife researcher (Midi). Mr. . Also loses his life all because one of his hidden cameras, which was designed to monitor geese, recorded a murder done by the NASA. The third innocent person who has their life turned into chaos is Robert Dean. Although Robert Dean doesnt lose his life like the other two, he still goes through a lot because he has the videotape with the murder, and he doesnt connected to a murder, and the murderers are invading their privacy to try to prevent the public from finding out about the murder.Giving already-powerful people more power over the public and their privacy is guaranteed to lead to corruption. This is demonstrated in Enemy of the State by Thomas Reynolds. Mr. . Reynolds invades the private life of Phil to try to convince him to support a bill that would let the government invade the privacy of innocent people even easier. When his persuasion fails, Mr.. Reynolds resolves to murder. Because Thomas Reynolds is so powerful, it is easy for him to spy on Mr.. Dean even though there is only a slight suspicion that Mr..Dean is involved. Mr.. Reynolds uses his power to spy on Dean by tapping his house and clothes, phones, and house, canceling his credit cards, and installing surveillance equipment in his house without his permission (Midi). Reynolds also has Rachel Banks killed Just to try to frame Dean, and this shows corruption because he feels that he has a lot of power, and thus isnt afraid that he will get in trouble for conspiring to murder an innocent person. Because Reynolds has a lot of power, he is corrupted by it and also grows careless with his actions.Although the watchers of the peace feel like they can do anything with all of the power that is available to them, they still need to be careful. In the movie, the USA spy on innocent people with the technology that they have developed specifically for that purpose. Near the end of the movie, Brills uses their own equipment to spy on them, and then blackmails them. Also, the USA are so used to watching others that they forget that others can also watch them, so they are careless (In). When they are murdering , they dont check the surroundings for cameras that could be recording them, and that becomes their downfall.Lastly, the NASA feel completely secure because of all of their power, so they are reckless to walk into a dark restaurant with a mafia family and dont feel threatened until they are being shot at. Total power can make even the most disciplined men relaxed and feeling almighty, which is clearly demonstrated in Enemy of the State. The suffering of innocent people, corruption of large authorities, and the arrogance of powerful organizations are three big effects on a society that has given up privacy for some protection. These three effects were powerfully demonstrated n the movie called Enemy of the State.

A Christians Experience In A Mosque Religion Essay Example

A Christians Experience In A Mosque Religion Essay Example A Christians Experience In A Mosque Religion Essay A Christians Experience In A Mosque Religion Essay I am a Christian by personal religion, genetic sciences and through circumstance of being raised in the church. I have been a Christian so long that any other faith to me is of small concern to me personally. But, I do non state this to be average because I have many friends of different faiths, beliefs and races. Whatever they believe in is all right with me and frailty versa. I decided to travel to a mosque with my best friend since 4th class since she is a Muslim. I learned a batch more than I originally thought and this is my journey. Humama and I have been best friends since 4th class. My household and hers are close despite one being Christian and the other Muslim. To each other we are people, friends, and faith does non specify our relationship. I asked Humama to come with me to the mosque business district on King Street because I would experience more comfy being with person who knew what was traveling on. We decided to travel on a Friday, which is their holy twenty-four hours. Before go forthing her house in Goose Creek, we performed ritual called a Wudu. It is rinsing of organic structure parts of import to executing formal supplications, called Salah. She said that there is a station at the mosque for it, or they use a sink for it but it would be easier to make it before we left place. She gave me a bluish outfit to have on with a fiting head covering to cover everything from our carpuss to our mortise joints for modestness and regard. On the thrust business district, bundled up in a beautiful outfit wholly out of my normal signifier of dressing, I wondered how I would be greeted and how I would be changed by this. I have walked and drove past the mosque on King Street many times. After populating business district for about a twelvemonth, you would hold to be blind non to detect it. It sits at that place on the corner of King and Romney street, quiet and non architecturally designed like the mosques I have seen in images. It is simplistic in its design for its intent. We parked and walked to the mosque and I noticed people of different races come ining the mosque which surprised me. There were Blacks, White persons, and many people of Middle Eastern descent. There were immature people, old people and all seemed unified in their beliefs of Allah. We entered the mosque and entered a speedy supplication to bless the mosque. The supplication had non started yet, so Humama introduced me to other Muslims in the hallway. My anxiousness was easing slightly talking to others that did non look to mind I was at that place, despite being a Christian. Before come ining the existent mosque, Humama and I took off our places to demo another signifier of regard. Humama and I sat confronting Mecca, after talking for a few proceedingss to the others, she said we could offer other speedy supplications while waiting for the discourse to get down. I realized for the first clip that the work forces and adult females were separated in the mosque. The work forces were in the forepart and the adult females in the dorsum, though we could still see everything. I noticed that there were two rows of chairs and I saw that the disableds or work forces of importance sat at that place. I sat beside Humama thought, this is sort of unjust holding to sit all the manner in back and non among the work forces. In my church you sit anyplace, but I pulled the idea back, to non judge but take part in her religion. To acquire my head off it, I thought to myself that I truly enjoyed non holding my places on since I am slightly Bohemian. Humama informed me we were waiting for the Imam, the sermonizer and leader of the mosque, to come out and preach which is called the Pre-Prayer. She informed that the Imam would normally come out and give a discourse on whatever he wished to or state a spiritual narrative. He would subsequently in the discourse connect the significance of it to his discourse. I became a small impatient waiting for the Imam to come out, but she reassured me that he would be out shortly. After five more proceedingss he walked out and world eventually set in that I was wholly out of my deepness. The Imam, whose existent name is Mohamed Melhem did non look like a sermonizer to me. He seemed like a regular adult male yet easy to speak to. He began the discourse by welcoming everyone to the mosque and praising Allah. He was easy to listen to and to understand. He gave a discourse on functioning Allah and fasting. That by fasting you gain a closer relationship with Allah. Allah is at that place for us and there is merely one. Prayer should be consistent ( they pray five times per twenty-four hours ) and that the Quran is at that place to steer us. He spoke of being a Muslim in the universe, that all facets of being a Muslim should be retained one time go forthing the mosque. As a Muslim, your moralss and how you stick to them in the universe shows how Allah is working through you. I noticed that everyone seemed in awe and took in every word he said. They seemed wholly devoted to listening to the Imam speak about this, because by looking at them you could state some found themselves once more by being among equals like themselves. After completing the discourse, the Adhan or Azan, did a call to prayer. Everyone listened and moved frontward face down listening to the Azan pray. After the supplication was finished, some people continued to pray and others got up to socialise. The mosque offered nutrient to us to raise money for the mosque. The nutrient was similar to what I had eaten earlier at Humama s house and it was delightful. I do non retrieve the names of the nutrient, but it did non affair at the clip. Everyone socialized for about an hr and a half and some continued to talk about Allah, others about school and work. Some people were coming in late holding merely got off work to come in at the right clip to pray. Leaving the mosque, I felt a small different. The peace of praying with others who get along despite your race. The sacredness of go forthing the universe outside and happening yourself once more when come ining the mosque. Confronting Mecca and everyone praying in one way and at one clip. They all believe the same manner and it shows why they have such a strong community. No 1 is seeking to draw off and do their ain thing. It made me experience nearer to my ain God, and that it makes life easier cognizing that basically we all have the same belief in one God, despite the different ways we worship. I gained a closer relationship with my best friend and with my God and that truly changed me.

All The Saints Into A Short Film

overall length of the short film affects its structure, characterisation, plot and especially story. ‘The longer a short film lasts, the more the audience wants it to be a story. They want it to mean something.’ (Cowgill (2005 :9)). This means that shorter films, up to 5 minutes, are usually a comedy sketch with a punch line, such as in Knob, or a horror with a twist, like Selfie From Hell. The reveal or surprising ending seems to be common in the under 5 minute short, as the film has little time to†¦ All Saints day or Dia de los Santos is celebrated throughout the world and sometimes referred to in North America as the Day of the Dead or Dia de los Muertos. All Saints Day is a Catholic celebration on November 1st that celebrates all saints that have gone to heaven, and is followed by Souls day on November 2nd that celebrates all who has died (Catholic 2015). However, everyone throughout the world celebrates Saints Day and Souls Day differently with their own unique traditions. For instance,†¦ Rhetorical Analysis of â€Å"Smooth Talk: Short Story into Film† Joyce Carol Oates is an esteemed short story author with over forty novels, many of which have gone on to become films. Smooth Talk, one of such movies is based off of Oates’s short story, â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?† â€Å"Smooth Talk: Short Story into Film† is an essay response by Joyce Carol Oates to her short story and its movie counterpart in her book, (Woman) Writer: Occasions and Opportunities. The essay was published along†¦ The Hero’s Journey in Film: The Boondock Saints The idea of a clear and precise pattern that nearly all heroes follow is not something new. In fact, one of the most famous examples of a hero cycle is the one created by Joseph Campbell. In his world-renowned book, The Hero with a Thousand Faces, Campbell sets up and explains how every hero follows the same basic path until he/she winds up back at the beginning and another cycle begins. â€Å"The mythical hero†¦is lured†¦to the threshold of adventure†¦journeys†¦ Animation films have a way of expanding one’s imagination in a way that ordinary films do not. The ability of the animated movies to make us understand and make a connection with a non-existent world is fascinating. Most animated films are created in imaginary environments, and the characters are created, creatures. This factor explains why some of the characters including animals are given human voices. Walt Disney Pictures produces movies that are meant to be enjoyed not only by children and teens†¦ Arguments can be expressed through verbal language, writing compositions, and visual designs. Director Jacob Kornbluth’s film Inequality for All is a visual argument, which allows for a stronger persuasive effect than by just using words alone. The film successfully advocates former Secretary of Labor Robert Reich’s economic idealisms and concerns. Due to the combination of video clips, pictures, and text, Reich is able to effectively communicate the argument that the gap in income inequality is†¦ No Justice for the Short-film Judgment Was Minnie Foster going to quilt it or knot it? When this question arose in the short story A Jury of Her Peers, two women were slowly piecing together Minnie Foster’s murder mystery, and when the dominant male characters overhear the women’s conversation, they merely scoffed and couldn’t seem to understand why the women were worried about ‘trivial things’. Little did they know, it was the ‘trivial things’ that gave clues to figuring out the motive for the†¦ â€Å"So that 's all. You come here, you look and leave?† Her voice was low and trembling, begging him to face her, but he just kept walking forward, â€Å"two years of my life and you just walk away! Face me, Caryll! Say something!† Her voice was a loud scream as she couldn 't contain herself anymore. Tears poured down her face as she turned from the view of the sunset to Caryll, her voice cracked and the tears glistened in the light as she struggled to catch her breath. Both her hands clenched the pendant†¦ Romantic love in Casablanca The film Casablanca is noted to be one of the most romantic films of all time. It inspires many and is held near and dear to our hearts. Casablanca continues to hold that place in history today. The art of romance is hidden amongst the film and shows us what a true classic love story is all about. The film Casablanca was released on November 26th, 1942 in the United States. It set a new benchmark for what we consider to be romance in film making. The romance in Casablanca†¦ The work that I want to propose is a short film. The film takes place in the future. The main character creates a doppelganger of himself by authorise and connect the robot to his cellphone. Through download and search the data that were stored in the digital device or been uploaded to the cloud, the doppelganger is able to conjecture and simulate how the main character communicate and react to others. Then the main character began to rely on the doppelganger and eventually been replaced by it.†¦

Homeland Security for the Port of Baltimore Essay

Homeland Security for the Port of Baltimore - Essay Example With so much at stake, it is no doubt crucial to consider all possible threats a place like Port Baltimore may be vulnerable to and be prepared with measures to ensure the safety of the city, the people involved, the property and the security of the whole country. Ports are crucial for both, the security of a country and its trade and economy, as they serve as terminals with access across its boundaries. This opens possibilities for infiltration of illegal activities and products along with the usual trade. Thus ports pose a great threat of certain hazards or sources of possible disaster to the city and the country if left improvised. Of the many threats that enable U.S agencies to take effective measures for the protection of the country’s resources and vulnerable assets, the threat of terrorism has the greatest power, especially in the post 9/11 era. The possibilities of terrorist attacks via shipping ports are innumerable. With only six percent of the nine million container s entering the U.S, (Medalia 2) and fourteen percent of the 140,000 containers at Baltimore being examined for explosives, (Davis and GormanSun), it is evident that these portals to the United States are pretty much available to terrorists wanting to strike. It would be fairly easy to hide explosives in the eight to nine feet high and twenty to forty feet long containers that are used to carry the cargo transported between ports. (Medalia 2) Apart from being easy and susceptible targets, they are also fairly attractive in terms of results for such terrorist groups as well. With inflammable material that can cause a minor explosion to spread over miles, even a ten to twenty kiloton bomb could cause a loss of more than $1.2 trillion from direct and indirect costs resulting from the damage of property and disruption of trade activity. (Medalia 2). The destruction could extend to a radius of one or two miles, thus affecting the city the port is in, resulting in a comprehensive disaster. (Medalia 3). Another equally hazardous threat to the U.S port is Drug smuggling, which was the number one priority before September 11, 2001. The failure in the prohibition of drugs infiltrating the country may result in indirect facilitation of terrorist activities and a larger impact on the society by fuelling crime and disease. (Loy 156). According to statistics provided by Interagency Assessment of Cocaine Movement, most of the transportation of illegal drugs is carried out through the sea. (Loy 157) The third effective threat to U.S coasts and ports is the possibility of damage and injury caused by the mishandling of hazardous materials that have the ability to contaminate and destroy not only cargo and property, but marine life and the environment. All this can inadvertently affect the economy by interference in trade and recreation activities around the water front as well as health of the citizens of the port city. Provided that the forces threatening the security of port t oday are much better equipped than they were a decade ago, it is necessary to maintain the efficiency of security systems in the context of developing technology and update methodologies to keep up with the unpredictable and surreptitious approach of the possible enemies of the state. (Pike) Coast guard and customs and Border protection are federal agencies with the strongest presence in seaports. After 9/11 coast guard has created the largest port

Tackling Childhood Obesity Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Tackling Childhood Obesity - Research Proposal Example When the behaviour is culminated in the community and family levels, the children also get to enter into these lifestyle cycles, sometimes inadvertently and sometimes due to lack of knowledge. It has been indicated in studies that dietary changes and schedules of daily activities lacking promotion of physical activities and lack of playtime activities are the reasons in cases of children (Edmunds et al., 2001). For example, in diets, fast foods have been included to a great extent. These contain items with high-fat and high-sugar contents. These mainly come from convenience items for family reasons. Work-roles in the families have led to a decrease in family meals. Outside the home environment, the patterns of dietary changes are also affecting food habits of the young. All studies have indicated the positive roles played by physical activity. Lack of physical activity has been implicated in children's weight gain in excess of what is ideal. Thus, there is a situation where the child ren are overweight or obese, and compounded to that there is a diminution of the physical activity in daily lives of the adolescents and the children (Reilly, 2006). Studies again indicated marked decline in schedules of physical activity in the middle school and high school schedules in children. This is more so in case of girls. This may be due to cutting down of physical education in school curricula. Additionally, there is increased use of television and computers, which decrease children's level of activities to a great extent leading to insufficient physical exercise (Brunt et al., 2008). The extent of obesity is assessed by classification in adults. However, it is difficult to assess the same in case of children by such classifications. For studies and research, given the problems in children, the prevalence is an important parameter to study. In research studies, classically this is measured in percentiles. Although there are legitimate criticisms, research literature has conventionally used body mass index. Consequently, there is a prescribed body mass index (BMI) for all ages, and 85th to 95th percentile of the standard BMI has been used as the landmark. This means children within this range will be considered at risk for being overweight. On the other hand, children who are beyond 95th percentile would be regarded overweight. It is evident that studies that involve at risk children as target population for intervention, would attempt to identify them, and in that context, these benchmarks could serve as effective identifiers. Once identified, these affected child ren may be intervened through designed public health measures with the objective and outcomes being prevention of future or existing obesity and reduction of complications and implications of obesity in them (Gibson et al., 2006). The global nature of this problem has already been mentioned, but the important parameter that this study attempts to address is launching the public health intervention at young age when the exposure to life style related risk

Misuse of Ritalin :: Drugs Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Misuse of Ritalin Kyle Carroll of Albany, New York was diagnosed with ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) when he was in the first grade. His teacher told his parents, Michael and Jill, that Kyle was too hyper and couldn't concentrate for long periods of time. Without even going to see a professional about Kyle's problem, Kyle was put on Ritalin. Immediately, his parents started to notice side effects on Kyle and when they tried to take their child off of the medication, the teacher threatened to call social services and lodge a complaint about child abuse (Karlin). Many families across America are faced with the problem of ADHD. In fact, approximately 4-million school aged children suffer from ADHD (Rowland). Many cases are misdiagnosed and over one million children take Ritalin who don't need it (Karlin). In 1939, Dr. C. Bradley first prescribed Methylphenidate, or Ritalin, as a stimulant to treat children with ADHD (Mann). ADHD is a brain disorder characterized by a short attention span, jumpiness, and impulsive behavior. To be diagnosed, the victim of the disease usually has gone to see an average of eleven doctors (Rowland). Ritalin is a risky drug. Taking this drug means having to take a dosage every four hours. Like any other medication, large doses can lead to addiction. At the end of the day, when the medication starts to wear off, mood swings occur and the sufferer becomes irritable. Side effects, which include insomnia, loss of appetite, stunted height, and irritability are brutal to the victim (Mann). Ritalin, if taken improperly, can increase a person's heartbeat and blood pressure. This can cause cardiac arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat) and premature death. If ADHD doesn't get treated correctly, or within the first couple of years, there are some serious long term consequences (Ciampa). Ritalin is also hitting the streets of college campuses under the names of "Vitamin R" and "R-Ball". College students are using this drug to improve concentration, so they can study longer, boost their alertness during major tests, and to help stay up all night. Selling and buying this drug is illegal, but anyone can find it on almost all of the campuses. College kids aren't the only ones who find this a booster.

Dramatic Impact in Act 3 of The Crucible Essay

There are many different ways/techniques in which miller creates dramatic impact in act 3. It all starts in the beginning when the play is set off-stage, ‘The room is empty’, which creates an air of mystery and make people hear and listen hard to what is going on. It also makes the audience/reader wonder who the new voices are (Hathorne and Danforth). Then when Giles roars into the court, ‘I have evidence for the court’, the audience who are so concentrated on hearing will immediately jolt and get a fright from the noise and there starts the drama. The dramatic structure of this act plays a key role in the dramatic impact/tension of the act. It starts off with a bang, then goes down in tension, then rises to another climax, continuously. An example of this is: in the beginning Giles roars into court, then this is questioning and explaining, ‘Your Excellency, I only said she were readin’ books†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ which lowers the tension then Fransis shws his deposition and the tension and expectation rises again. Most of the act rises and falls in this manner. This technique emphasizes the dramatic points in the play because it sort of isolates them between parts that aren’t so dramatic. All the little high drama points in the act are leading to the main one in the end. The 3 depositions, Nurse’s, Giles’s and Mary’s, create huge drama in the way that they are presented and out hopes are raises that the court will see justice and then turned down by the court for a small reason. For example: Giles deposition, which stated that Putnam was out for land, was turned down because he wouldn’t give the name of the witness, ‘Why, I-I can not give you his name’. This raising of our hopes then destroying them, continuously, mirrors the impact of the structure of the act. The mention and showing of each deposition creates high drama/tension and as each deposition is destroyed, the dram and our hopes go down. Another dramatic point in this act, of course, is the girls. When they start seeing â€Å"spirits†, ‘A wind, a cold wind, has come’ the tension is raised because the audience knows they are lying but doesn’t know if the court will believe it. They claim that Mary is threatening them with her spirit, ‘Why do you come yellow bird?’ and this threatens Proctor and Mary’s deposition. While the girls are constantly â€Å"seeing spirits† and â€Å"chanting†, they are luring Mary back into their grasp and Proctor notices this, ‘with a hysterical cry Mary Warren starts to run. Proctor catches her’ and this prompts a huge dramatic part in the act: Proctors confession. Knowing Proctors character as a law obeying man with a good reputation and wanting to keep it, this confession shocks the audience and is a big dramatic high. The beginning of the confession is the main shocker to the audience and the court, ‘How do you call Heaven! Whore! Whore!’. When the court decides to look further into Proctors claim of adultery, they call in Elizabeth, who Proctor says never lies. When she lies, presumably for the first time, this is another high point in the act. She, and the audience, realizes what she has done and everyone gets scared and fears the worst. The end is the most dramatic part of the play because Proctor says that he and Danforth are Evil, ‘I see his filthy face! And it is my face, and yours, Danforth’ and this surly means (to the audience) Proctor will be charged heavily. With the hero in jail, what is left for the rest of Salem? This is what the audience will ask themselves. Another part at the end of the act which shows drama is when Hale denounces the court because, as the main priest and witchcraft expert in this ‘trail’ he is supposed to be righteous and tells us that Hale is someone who now really believes the girls are lying. Not only the content of the act but also Millers development and introduction of the characters create dramatic impact. Two main once stand out as very dramatic are Danforth and Hale. The introduction of Danforth in this act, I would consider, is a dramatic point because he is quite stern and the audience no idea what to expect from him. Will he be fair? Will he side with Abigail? The audience is faced with a mystery. All the other characters have been mentioned before and we have an idea of who they are and what to expect from them. With Danforth, especially him being in a position of extreme power, it is dramatic that we don’t know what he is like. In the beginning of the play, we understood that Hale was a self important man who wanted to seem the hero and wasn’t afraid to cry witchery on someone. During this act, he is defensive and doesn’t exactly believe in all the ‘witches’. It is al if he thinks he has caused all this and wants to fix it. ‘Is every defense an attack upon the court?’, ‘Excellency, a moment. I think this goes to the heart of the matter’. He is starting to side more with Proctor in believing this is all the girls and they may have caused this. It his the last quote of Proctors sums up what is going on in act 3 and why it is so dramatic: ‘You are pulling Heaven down and raising up a whore!’. We, as the audience, know things the characters don’t (dramatic irony) and this is a great example. We know the girls are lying, but the court and many people don’t, they believe the ‘whore’ and not ‘heaven’ (the whore being Abigail and Heaven being truth and righteousness).

A Fresh Perspective Of Behavioural Finance Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3013 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? In the present times, investment decision making process is a very complex phenomenon for individuals. Theoretically speaking, investment decisions are guided by various economic models which regard man as Homo economicus who is rational in his economic choices. In reality, the information required for the decision making process is limited and hence the rationality of man is also bounded. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Fresh Perspective Of Behavioural Finance Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Thus, in some part of investment decision making process, man may even be emotional or irrational. So in order to guide individuals to make correct choices, economic models should integrate and incorporate psychological theory as well. This is the basic premise of a new paradigm in the field of investment decision making called Behavioural Finance. This subject focuses on how investors interpret and act on information to take investment decision. It uses knowledge from both psychological field and financial theory. Behavioural finance asserts that behavioural biases and heuristics play an important part in influencing the investment decision making processes. A bias is a departure from normative, optimal or rational behaviour.In the investment decision making process, biases can either arise when the decision maker forms beliefs about probabilities of events and values of outcomes or when he sets preferences among the available options. Heuristics are rules of thumbs that help indivi duals to take the most optimum decisions in situations which are cognitively complex. In either case, heuristics and biases if consistently practiced lead to various abnormalities and anomalies. This is a conceptual paper which aims to study various psychological biases which arise from a variety of cognitive mechanisms. An attempt is made to extract from literature of various authors different frameworks in which most known heuristics and biases can be organized. An endeavour to understand their impact will be of great help to investors to acquire the best outcomes by suggesting remedial action. Introduction In the present world, investment decision makingis a complex process. It is dynamic activity which is influenced by many variables and subject to many constraints. These limitations arise due to various environmental and cognitive reasons. Investments are made for earning a return.Investors make investment decisions for maximising their returns but sometimes they are not aware which variables are effecting their decisions due to which they may not be able to maximise their returns. Many times investors want to know which these variables are and what are the implications on their decision making process especially when they are they spending time and money to learn about investment by reading books, attending lectures, listening to all the expert advice on the television and internet chat sites. If investors reflect back, they will realise that some of the common mistakes which they make are buying stocks which are highly priced, booking profits too soon and not liquidating share son which there could be losses if they hold them, and most commonly buying when others are buying and selling because others are selling. These are examples of investor behaviour.The term behaviour literally means the aggregate of all the responses made by an organism in any situation and a specific response of a certain organism to a specific stimulus or a group of stimuli (American Heritage Dictionary, 2003). There is a dire need to understand the behaviour of investors in order to assist them to develop their own trading strategy and investment philosophy. A solution and understanding of many of these issues are the main pedagogical goals of Behavioural finance. Behavioural finance closely combines individual behaviour and market phenomena and uses knowledge taken from both the psychological field and financial theory. In his inaugural address at Interdisciplinary Seminar on Psychonomics on February 6, 2012, Harun R. Khan, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India emphasises on the resurgence of psychology in economics for linking cognitive models of decision making with economic models of rational behaviour to understand and avoid recent market distortions driven by human traits.Behavioural Finance is a new paradigm of finance theory, which seeks to understand and predict systematic financial market implications of psychological decision-making. Background: During the classical period, economics had a recognized association with psychology. Adam Smith had described psychological principles of individual behaviour in his work, The theory of Moral Sentiments. Jeremy Bentham wrote on psychological aspects of utility while propounding his utilitarism ideas. However, overtime economists in the race of shaping the discipline as a natural science started to distance themselves from psychology. In economics, man or Homo economicus appears perfectly rational and has a complete knowledge and his economic choices are guided by rationality. This means that his choices are consistent, self-contained and he is perfectly rational without being affected by his emotions or his environment. Thus economic theory of Investment decision treats investment decision of an individual as a macroeconomic aggregate and the microeconomic foundations of it are drawn from intertemporal utility theory. This means that individuals maximise their utility based on clas sic wealth criteria making a choice between consumption and investment through time. However, as per studies conducted by Herbert Simon, rationality of individuals is limited by the information they have, the cognitive limitations of their minds and the finite amount of time they have to make decisions. He has coined the term bounded rationality in his book. He argues that most people are only partly rational while are emotional/irrational in the remaining part of their actions. He says that perfect or global rationality is practically and not logically impossible. He claims that classical theories of Rational Choice fail to include some of the central problem of conflict and dynamics which economics are more and more concerned with. Accordingly, concept of rationality has some limits such as risk and uncertainty, incomplete information about alternatives and complexity. (Models of Man, 1972).There was a resurgence of psychology in economics in the 1960s when Ward Edwards, Amos Tver sky and Daniel Kahnemann began to compare cognitive models decision making under risk and uncertainty to economic models of rational behaviour. Decision making is a process involving making an optimal choice between various alternatives. Since individuals lack the ability and resources to arrive at the optimal solution, they instead apply their rationality only after having greatly simplified the choices available. As a result, Simon claims that individuals have only bounded rationality and are forced to make decisions not by maximization but by satisficing. Satisficing is the hypothesis which allows to the conception of diverse decision procedures and which permits rationality to operate in an open not pre-determined space (Barros, 2010). This is where psychological theory comes into play.In the real world, individuals make decisions using heuristics or rules of thumb that satisfice rather than maximize utility over the long run. Thus individuals employ the use of heuristics to make decisions rather than a strict rule of optimization. These heuristics are useful as they make cognitively difficult tasks easier. However they can lead to systematic biases. When a behavioural bias is consistently practiced, it gives a foundation for prediction of behaviour. The study of this field will be particularly useful where it can influence returns from investment. There is little doubt that an understanding of how such biases and heuristics influence investment decision or impact investment returns will generate insights that greatly benefit the investors. Such behavioural biases and heuristics form the subject matter of Behavioural Finance. Behavioural Finance focuses on how investors interpret and act on information to make investment decisions. It also places an emphasis on investors behaviour leading to various market anomalies. Behavioural Finance closely combines individual behaviour and market phenomena and uses knowledge taken from both the psychological fie ld and financial theory. (Fromlet, 2001).Behavioural Finance seeks to understand and predict systematic financial market implications of psychological decision processes. In addition it focuses on the application of psychological and economic principles for improvement of financial decision making. (Olsen, 1998) Cornerstones of Behavioural Finance Behavioural Finance takes into account the effect of human psychology in investment decision making. It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional finance and finds better explanations of investor behaviour by disregarding the assumptions that investors are rational and markets are efficient. The first foundation stone of Behavioural finance is Mental Accounting. It is a process which helps the investors in using cognitive skills to organise, evaluate and keep track of their financial activities. Mental accounting has three components. First, the outcomes are perceived and experienced and then decisions are taken and evaluated. Second, investing activities are grouped into categories, including the sources and use of funds. Third, the activities are balanced either daily, monthly or yearly, depending on the preferences of a person. (Thaler,1999) Mental Accounting violates economics assumptions because money placed in one mental account is not a perfect substitute of money placed in another account. The second foundation stone of Behavioural finance is Loss Aversion. Since investors engage in mental accounting, investors group the financial transactions either one at a time or in portfolios and myopically evaluate the transactions i.e make short term rather than long term decisions and evaluate gains and losses frequently. According to Kahneman, Tversky and Schwarz and Thaler (1997), individual investors are more sensitive to decrease in their wealth rather than increases and value losses more heavily than gains. The third foundation stone of Behavioural finance is Framing. According to Kahneman and Tversky (1981), when investors face a decision problem, they try to associate each alternative choice with a decision frame. This frame depends on the personal characteristics of the investor and how the problem is formulated. They have found that choices that involve gains are risk averse and choices that involve losses are risk taking. The fourth found ation stone of Behavioural finance is Prospect Theory. This is the seminal work of Kahnemann and Tversky developed in 1979. Prospect Theory is an alternative theory to analyse decision making in situations that involve risk. In Prospect Theory, an outcome is called a prospect and involves a decision with some risk. Instead of wealth, focus is on gains and losses; decision weights replace probabilities and loss aversion is used in place of risk aversion. Decision making process is made up of two stages, the editing phase and the evaluation phase. In the first phase, possible outcomes are arranged on the basis of some heuristic. When investors look at outcomes, they make a mental note of an approximate and possible average outcome. This average is used as a reference point for ordering the lower outcomes as losses and higher ones as gains. Hence, according to Prospect theory, value is a function of the reference point and the distance of the value from the reference point. Many experi ments have been carried out to validate the theory in order to show that investors focus on gains and losses rather than final wealth. Thus from various studies it is clear that investors rely on heuristics which reduce the complex tasks of assessing probabilities and predicting values to simpler judgemental operations. Individual Investors who use heuristics are prone to biases which may lead to anomalies in the market. An empirical result qualifies as an anomaly if it is difficult to rationalize, or if implausible results are necessary to explain it within the paradigm. (Thaler, 1987). The understanding of heuristics and biases with the help of research in Behavioural finance will help to develop an awareness of what, why and how of investing and finance. Investors and advisors may be able to improve economic outcomes and attain stated financial objectives. This could save clients from financial misadventures. Categories and Causes of Biases Knowledge of biases and modification of or adaptation to irrational behaviour will lead to superior results. This paper also aims to develop an awareness of biases, their implications and ways of moderating their impact and adapting to them. This may even serve as a fundamental tenet of a successful investment strategy. Although it is very difficult task to present heuristics and biases because they arise from a variety of cognitive mechanisms, an attempt is made here to extract from the literature of various authors different frameworks in which most known heuristics and biases can be organized. After review of literature available on heuristics and behavioural biases, it is found that the common mistakes caused by cognitive limitations can be classified into two categories; how investors think and how investors feel. These two categories are used to classify various biases to which individual investors are susceptible to in the investment decision making process. Under the first category of how investors think, the most commonly existing bias is Representativeness. Investors tend to judge the probability of an event by finding a comparable known event and assuming that the probabilities are similar. As a part of drawing meaning from what we experience, we need to classify things. If something does not fit exactly into a known category, we will approximate with the nearest class available. For e.g., Ifstocks of Tata Steel perform extraordinarily, investors will rush to buy stocks of Essar Steel. This representative thinking makes them believe that Essar steel will perform similarly. (Parikh, 2009)Also because of Representativeness bias, investors may make mistakes while examining past stock returns. For example, stocks with strong performance during the past three to five years are considered as winners. As a result, considering past return to be representative of what to expect in future, investors chase the winners and buy such stocks. They tend to b e overly optimistic about past winners and overly pessimistic about losers. Secondly, investors tend to place more faith in familiar stocks leading to familiarity bias. For example, Investors buy stocks of companies which have local of regional business presence ( Huberman, 2011). Investors disproportionately include in their portfolio, stocks belonging to their country despite knowing the benefits of international diversification. This is known as home bias (French and Poterba, 1991) Third very commonly existing bias is over confidence. Belsky and Gilovich (1999) note that overconfidence is pervasive. It is like an ego trap under the influence of which the investor thinks while picking up winning stocks that their knowledge is more accurate than it really is. This bias may exist because of illusion of knowledge or illusion of control of uncontrollable events. According to Barber and Odean (2002), online investors routinely experience these attributes. Overconfidence causes in vestors to trade too much and take too much risk. Fourthly, investors experience anchoring bias. They become fixated with reference points. According to Benartzi and Thaler (1995), investors start comparing the stock price with the reference point. This reference point may be the purchase price. The brains choice of reference point is important because it will determine whether the investor will feel the pleasure of obtaining a profit or the pain of making a loss. As justified by Prospect Theory of Kahnemann and Tversky, investor will assign separate value premiums to the profits and losses. This bias also causes investors to periodically update the reference point to reflect unrealized profit. The next list of biases can be placed in the category of how investors feel. It is commonly said that stock markets are motivated by greed and fear. Other emotions which can hamper good investment decisions are hope, pride and regret. Firstly, due to emotions like pride and regret, i nvestors are predisposed to selling winners too early and holding losers too long. Shefrin and Statman (1985) have shown in their studies that investors tend to avoid regret and seek pride leading to disposition bias which may lead to poor results. Shefrin (2000) further attributes this bias to stem from conservatism. The second psychological bias which can be placed in this category is attachment bias which is the reason behind why investors become emotionally attached to a security. As a result, the investors fail to recognize bad news about the company and consequently hold the stock too long. Another bias which many investors fall prey to is Gamblers fallacy. After large gains and losses, emotions are particularly strong according to Thaler and Johnson (1990). Large gains cause the investors to become greedy and they feel that they are betting with someone elses money. This causes them to accept too much risk. On the other hand, large losses cause investors to either becom e loss averse completely to the investment activity as defined by Kahneman and Tversky (1979) as loss aversion or they may cause the investors to take more risk in an attempt to recoup their loss. This event is defined by Shefrin (2000) as get eventitis. In either case these biases clouds judgement and investment decision making process. Another bias which causes faulty decisions in invest decision process is herd behaviour. Investors show a tendency to mimic the actions of a larger group though individually, they would have not made the same choice. The cause behind this may be the social pressure of conformity and another may be a common rationale that a large group is unlikely to be wrong. Although it is very difficult task to present heuristics and biases because they arise from a variety of cognitive mechanisms, an attempt is made here to present those psychological biases which arise out of individual investors cognitive and emotional limitations. If the individual inves tors overcome these biases and take appropriate steps to check themselves at the right time, such mistakes will have less influence on investment decisions and potentially lead to improved investment results. Conclusion: Behavioural finance presents a paradigm shift in explaining investment decision making process of individual investors by throwing light on various psychological biases.No easy solutions exist for overcoming the affects of these biases according to Belsky and Gilovich (1999). Merely learning about them will also not eliminate them but at least it will be the first step towards appreciating the importance of this field of study and the limitation of traditional finance in explaining complex phenomena in the financial markets. Baker and Nofsinger (2002) suggest that investors should understand and recognize biases and develop quantitative investment criteria to achieve their investment goals. This paper is an attempt to understand individual investment decision making from a behavioural perspective. The awareness and knowledge of this field of study is at a very nascent stage in India. An emotionally restrained approach to investing based on behavioural finance will go a long way in helping them attain their desired objectives.