Literature Review Of Vast Rectenna - 1028 Words

7 CHAPTER 2 AMBIENT RF ENERGY HARVESTING COMPONENTS AND LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 RECTENNA ITS COMPONENT A rectenna is a rectifying antenna, a sort of antenna that is used to convert microwave energy or radio frequency energy into direct current signal that can power low sensor devices. They are modelled as a part of wireless power transmission systems that transmit power through radio waves or electromagnetic waves. A basic rectenna, comprises of a microstrip patch antenna with a RF diode. It is nonlinear rectifying element (for example Schottky diode, Zener diode, IMPATT diode.... etc.). The diode rectifies the alternating current or bidirectional current induced in the patch antenna by the RF waves, to generate DC or unidirectional†¦show more content†¦2.1.2 RECTIFIER A rectifier is an electrical device that converts bi-directional current or alternating current (AC), to unidirectional current or direct current (DC). This process is called rectification. Rectifiers have many uses including high-voltage direct current power transmission systems, in DC power supplies and in detection of radio signals. There are two types of rectifier, the half wave rectifier and the full wave rectifier. In our case, given the need of matching as the less number of components, half wave rectifier has been used. 2.1.2.1 Half Wave Rectifier The half wave rectifier rectifies only half cycle of the AC input waveform. The half wave rectifier consists of a step down transformer, a diode connected to the transformer and a load resistance connected to the cathode side of the diode. 2.1.2.2 Full Wave Rectifier The circuit of full wave rectifier uses two rectifier elements and the transformer with secondary center tapped. One for the positive half cycle and other for the negative half cycle. The output DC in full wave rectifier is twice that of half wave rectifier and the frequency is twice that of the supply frequency. 2.1.3 IMPEDANCE MATCHING Impedance matching is one of the most eminent part of the RF circuits. It is utilized for the purpose of transferring maximum

Personal Narrative- Destruction of Nature Essay examples

Personal Narrative- Destruction of Nature If you ever get a chance to visit Chaco Canyon National Monument in New Mexico, you should take the time to just stand in the desert and listen. The silence in this place is physical; you can feel it surround you. This is a silence with depth and layers that are unbroken even by the wind, which moves through emptiness and speaks only in occasional sighs through the canyons. The air itself is very clear—the lack of humidity gives the cliffs and buttes sharp lines, and the colors of the earth, though muted, stand in stark relief to the blueness of the sky. Night comes gradually to this place. The height and dryness of the air allows the stars to appear before the sun has set—creating an odd†¦show more content†¦These are issues that I often ponder. I realize this consciousness is atypical of many of my compatriots. However, the roots of my compulsive musings are not wholly random because I was subjected to much similar thinking from an early age. Having grown up in a region where civilization and development were slow in coming, and where trees outnumber cornstalks and coal mines corn silos, we had ample opportunity to reflect on man’s relationship to nature. My parents are two well-educated, biologically trained individuals with an almost obsessive need to be outdoors. They met, so the story goes, in a graduate school class when my mother asked my father for his pocketknife to scrape moss from a tree trunk. It was love amongst the bryophytes. They spent several years trekking all over the U.S. on vacations to national forests and monuments and deserts and mountains, and my arrival on the scene did not cease their wanderings. Though I did restrict the locale. There are numerous pictures of one of my parents standing on some wooded ridge with the peak of my red hat sticking up over their shoulder. Once I was old enough to scramble along the trails by my own power, my father began taking me to work with him. In those days, he was a state biologist, and by the time I started kindergarten, I had been all over the state hiking, trapping, caving, camping, and generally running as a feral child. School was a change in routine, though on nice days, either one or bothShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Wind Rises And Showa 1660 Words   |  7 Pagesthe war. However they are far from the â€Å"heroic narratives† that gained favor right after the war. (gluck 49). While the content of heroic narratives differ nation to nation, they all evoke the same sense of â€Å"national unity by effacing experiential difference, creating whole nations of partisans, resistant’s, anti-facists – and above all victims (gluck 50). Showa and The Wind Rises escape the constraint of heroic narratives, by interjecting personal memory into vernacular and public memory. The worksRead More The Rings of Saturn by W.G. Sebald1335 Words   |  5 PagesW.G. 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Boss Review Mike Royko free essay sample

Mike Royko captured the life of a truly amazing man, Mayor Richard Daily. Royko in the book, Boss, follows an diffident beginnings on the South Side of Chicago in the Bridgeport neighborhood to Daley’s rise as a powerful politician. Being born in 1902 and rasied by Michael and Lillian Daley. Difficult by humble house which some accredited later to Richards difficulty in communicating. Daley did not have siblings to communicate with early in life. Even after public life he still had a difficult time voicing his opinions. Daley was a shy, introverted child who was not a standout in academics or in sports Sometime in his early years, many schoolmates found leadership and qualities and an intangible charisma that both proved to be crucial later in his career. It was not common not see many children those day to not attend college.. For his high school education, Richards parents sent him to a school run by the Christian Brothers, where he learned office skills and discipline and order. We will write a custom essay sample on Boss Review Mike Royko or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After graduating, he wound up with his first city job. He would stay on the governments payrolls for the next forty-eight years, twenty of those years as Mayor of Chicago. While one would think the title Boss would refer to his mayoral career, it more appropriately was a reference to his long-term control of the powerful Chicago political machine. As head of the machine, he knew everything about everyone in the Democratic Party. He had control of the money and the thousands of patronage jobs that he handed out like candy in return for bringing in the vote. The machine presided over the ward bosses, precinct captains and the voters. The Boss controlled the Machine with a selfish fervor. He made the unusual move of maintaining chairmanship of the Illinois Democratic Party (The Machine) even after he became mayor. He was well aware that the Machine held more power that the position of mayor. At one time, he was considered the most powerful man in Illinois and the second most powerful man in the nation, just behind President John F. Kennedy. The story of Richard J. Daley reveals an undeniable parallel between the man and the city. Daley excelled in the rough politics in the notoriously corrupt Chicago. Would he have been as successful in another city or state? Perhaps not, but Daley was the perfect match for Chicago. He was a man whose less than pure ethics was understood by Chicagoans. Perhaps he wouldnt have been as understood and accepted in another environment. Although he dealt with known corruption, Daley operated within a strange dichotomy, a parallel universe. While he was not known to take a dime, he operated with others who did. As boss, he would just tell them not to get caught. He was a devout Catholic who attended mass every morning yet he allowed the poor to suffer for years in inadequate housing and under brutal police abuse. Richard J. Daley was a rough-tough character, Chicago rough-tough. His grammar and speaking skills did not bring the praise of teachersfar from it. He was hot-tempered, simple, devious and powerful. Many in the country may not have understood him, but Chicagoans did. Daley reflected Chicago. Daley was a product of his neighborhood. He reflected its valuesloyalty to family, neighbors, old buddies, the corner grocer. Good neighbors cut their grass and dont have their TVs too loud. He was a pious manever faithful to his church, mom and apple pie, disturbed by public displays of immorality. But if somebody in City Hall had a chance to make some money on the sly, Daley wasnt into lecturing except perhaps for a simple one: Dont get caught. If Daley sometimes abused his power, it did not offend Chicago. The many immigrants into the city fully understood a man in authority wielding power, a power they had long ago learned to bow to. Not only was Daley not offensive, he became a father figure to many in the city. There was an odd security that he offered. Although Daley has passed away, he has left an indelible legacy for the city that long will survive him. Daley was like Chicagonothing was better than a good, political brawl. The city he loved will remember and embrace that legacy for years to come.